加拿大养老保障制度运行实践与经验借鉴

The Canadian Pension System Operation Practice and Experience

现阶段,加拿大已建立起广覆盖、高水平、多元参与、高效率与可持续性强的社会保障体系,但这一体系仍存在缴费率偏高、运营社会成本较高和公共部门与私人部门差距过大等问题,也面临着人口老龄化和国际经济发展前景的不确定性对养老保障制度可持续性带来的挑战。借鉴加拿大社会保障制度的经验,我国应尽快建立以全国统筹的基础养老保障为基本保障制度的多元化养老保障机制,改革养老基金的投资运营机制,提高养老基金投资收益率,大力发展社区养老服务,增加养老服务供给,增强养老保障制度的可持续性。

At the present, Canada has established a social security system, which is universal coverage, high-level,multi participation, efficient and sustainable. However, this system still exist some problems, such as high premium rate, high operation social cost and an excessive gap between the public sector and private sector. It still facing challenges of population ageing and international economic uncertainty brings to the sustainability of pension security system. Drawing the experience from Canadian social security system, China should establish diversified pension mechanism as soon as possible, which takes the basic pension planning security as the basic security system, reform the investment operation mechanism of pension fund, improve the return on investment of pension funds rate, develop community service for the aged, increase endowment service supply, enhance the sustainability of pension system.