“赋比兴”与“六书”——关于“诗性汉字”之再认识

"Fu,Bi,Xing" and "Six Types of Scripts" ——Recognition of the Poetic Chinese Characters

"六书"是古人对汉字的构成和使用方式归纳而成的六种类型;"赋比兴"是《诗经》的三种主要表现手法,也是中国古代对于诗歌表现方法的归纳。前者为汉字的造字用字之法,后者为汉诗歌中的表现手法,本文结合二者相关理论,进行比较分析,论述汉字独有的诗性特征,即:将"象形"与"赋"联系,"指事、会意"与"比"联系,"假借、转注、形声"与"兴"联系,分析"赋比兴"对诗性汉字的形成所具的重要作用与独特意义。

＂Six Types of Scripts＂describes the composition and use of the types of Chinese written summarized by the ancient people. ＂Fu,Bi,Xing＂（ Statement,Metaphors and Association） are the three main techniques of expression in ＂Book of Songs＂,often treated as the conclusion of expressive methods of ancient Chinese poetry. Based on related theories,the study is to make a comparative analysis between the two means so as to discover the unique poetic features of the Chinese characters,namely： the relationship between＂pictographs＂and＂Fu＂,the relationship between self explanatory and associative compounds＂and＂Bi＂,and the relationship between＂phonetic characters,mutually explanatory and echoism＂and＂Xing＂. An analysis will also be made on the unique functions and great significance of＂Fu,Bi,Xing＂to the formation of the poetic Chinese characters.