儿童开放性眼球外伤临床分析

Clinical analysis of open globe injuries in children

目的 探讨儿童开放性眼球外伤的临床特点及和治疗结果关系.方法 对135例（136眼）儿童开放性眼球外伤的年龄、性别、受伤情况、伤口类型、伤后视力、及治疗结果进行回顾性分析.结果 135例（136眼）儿童开放性眼球外伤中,男104例（77.04％）、女31例（22.96％）;年龄以3～8岁为主共83例（61.48％）;致伤原因：剪刀刺伤、木棍戳伤、小刀刺伤、笔刺伤、玻璃片划伤、针刺伤、铁丝刺伤等锐器伤共82例占60.74％;鞭炮炸伤18例占13.33％.伤后视力与伤口类型有关,治疗后视力与伤后（治疗前）视力有关.结论 眼外伤是儿童常见的致盲眼病,多为男性学龄前儿童,且多由锐器所伤,伤情重,预后差.治疗结果与伤情有关.家长和老师应教育孩子勿玩危险物品和危险游戏,以预防为主.及时有效的治疗也很重要.

Objective To investigate clinical characteristics and the factors affecting visual prognosis of children with open globe injuries.Methods The medical records of 136 eyes of 135 children with open globe injuries were retrospectively examined.Age,gender,cause,wound type,visual acuity after injury,and treatment outcome were analyzed.Results Of 135 patients,there were 104 cases（77.04%）males and 31 cases （22.96%） females.83 patients （61.48%） were aged 3 to 8 years.Most injuries were caused by sharp and projectile objects （82 cases,60.74%）,such as scissors, stick, knife, pencil, glass,needle and iron wire.Firecracker explosion wounding was in 18 cases （13.33%）.Poor visual acuity after injury and wound type were associated with visual prognosis.Conclusion Open globe injury is a common cause of blindness in children,especially preschool boys.Most injures were caused by sharp objects and were severe with poor prognosis.Prognosis is associated with severity of ocular trauma.It is important to make children stay away from dangerous environment.If the trauma happened,immediately and effectively treamtment should be done.