母竹特性对毛竹幼林生长的影响

Effect of Characteristics of Maternal Bamboo on Growth of Phyllostachys pubescens

在湖北省崇阳县桂花林场,调查毛竹的母竹特性对新竹与地下鞭生长的影响,结果表明：3年母竹发笋多于1年与2年母竹;胸径＞4 cm及胸径2～4 cm母竹发笋均多于胸径〈2 cm母竹发笋;栽植4年的母竹发笋多于栽植3年、2年及1年的母竹;1年鞭的母竹发笋多于2年与3年生鞭的母竹。不同年龄的鞭长与鞭重所占比例依次排列为：壮龄鞭＞幼龄鞭＞老龄鞭;在以母竹为中心的1.5 m范围内,竹鞭上的壮芽数、弱芽数、笋芽数及休眠芽数依次为74.86,21.10,56.68个及8.68个,分别占总芽数的24.64%,13.98%,26.88%及3.19%。壮芽比例越高,说明地下鞭系统活力越旺盛。毛竹造林时要对母竹特性予以高度重视以提高造林成活率与增加来年新竹数目。

On Phyllostachys heterocyclastands planted in recent years located at Guihua Forest Farm Administrative Bureau,a research has been carried out into effect of characteristics of mother bamboo on both new bamboo and rhizome after transplanted.The results showed that new bamboo shoots of 3-year-old maternal bamboo were more than those of 1-year-old and2-year-old mother bamboo;New bamboo shoots of both DBH〉4 cm and DBH2～4 cm maternal bamboo were more than that of DBH〈2 cm mother bamboo;New bamboo shoots of the maternal bamboo transplanted for 4 years was more than those of transplanted for 3-year-old,2-year-old and1-year-old;New bamboo shoots of1-year-old rhizome were more than those of 2-year-old and3-year-old rhizome;The ratio of new bamboo shoots of strong rhizome,young age rhizome and old age rhizome in the bamboo rhizome system were arranged in order that strong rhizome〉young rhizome age〉old rhizome age;Taking maternal bamboo as center,the number of weak buds,shoot buds and dormancy buds on1.5m-length rhizome were 74.86,21.10,56.68 and8.68 respectively,and the ratio of weak buds,shoot buds and dormancy buds of the total number of buds was 24.64%,13.98%,26.88% and 3.19%respectively.The higher proportion of strong buds was,the more vitality of rhizome system was.The characteristics of maternal bamboo should be taken care of when afforestation of Phyllostachysheterocycla.