阳春市育龄妇女生殖道感染现状分析

Analysis of the present situation of reproductive tract infections in women of childbearing age in Yangchun city

目的了解阳春市育龄妇女生殖道感染现状以及对生殖健康相关知识的知晓情况,为普及优生优育宣传教育,提高育龄妇女生殖健康水平提供参考。方法采用前瞻性队列研究方法对2008年1月至2013年1月在阳春市登记办理婚育证明的14 735名育龄妇女进行免费生殖健康检查,包括阴道分泌物清洁度、细菌性阴道病、滴虫、白色念珠菌、淋球菌、衣原体、支原体、弓形虫、风疹病毒、巨细胞病毒、单纯疱疹病毒等项目的检查,以评估育龄妇女生殖道感染的现状;同时向育龄妇女进行生殖健康相关知识现场问卷调查,了解育龄妇女对生殖健康知识的知晓现状。结果 14 735名育龄妇女中,5 013名出现一种或者多种生殖道感染疾病,总患病率为34.02%,其中支原体感染居首位,患病率为50.21%,其次是细菌性阴道病为11.03%、滴虫性阴道炎为9.62%、念珠菌性阴道炎为8.52%、衣原体感染为6.04%、淋球菌感染为0.92%、弓形虫感染为4.53%、风疹病毒感染为4.05%、巨细胞病毒感染为3.19%、单纯疱疹病毒感染为1.90%。生殖健康相关知识的知晓率为29.74%,41.98%的妇女认为生殖道感染给她的生活带来很大麻烦,63.95%妇女渴望得到规范、定期、有效的治疗。结论阳春市已婚育龄妇女生殖道感染患病率较高,生殖道感染疾病的种类繁多,育龄妇女对于生殖道感染的重视程度不高,对于如何预防生殖道感染缺乏相应的了解,应该加大对生殖健康的宣传教育工作,定期开展育龄妇女生殖道感染普查。

Objective To understand the present situation of reproductive tract infections in women of childbearing age in Yangchun City and the awareness of related knowledge on reproduetive health of them, in order to promote education eugenics and provide reference for improving the level of reproductive health of women of childbearing age. Methods A prospective cohort study was performed on 14735 women of childbearing age in Yangehun City, who had taken the marriage registration certificate and the free reproductive health examination, including vaginal secretions, bacterial vaginosis, triehomonas vaginalis, eandida albieans, neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia, mycoplasma, toxoplasma, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex viruses, in order to evaluate the status of reproductive tract infections in women of childbearing age; at the same time they were asked about the reproductive health knowledge questions to evaluate their awareness of related knowledge on reproductive health. Results Among 14735 women, 5013 had one or more kinds of reproductive tract infections, the total prevalence rate was 34.02% ,of which, the mycoplasma infection was in the first place, with a prevalence rate of 50.21%, followed by bacterial vaginosis of 11.04%, trichomonas vaginitis of 9.62%, candida vaginal inflammation of 8.52%, chlam,cdia infection of 6..05%, toxoplasma gondii infection of 4.52%, rubella virus infection of 4.05%,cytomegalovirus infection of 3.19%, herpes simplex virus of 1.88%, and gonococcal infection of O. 92%. The reproductive health knowledge awareness rate was 29.74%, 41.98% of the women believed that the reproductive tract infection would bring great trouble to her life, and 63.95% of women desired for the standard, regular, and effective treatment. Conclusion The prevalence rate of the reproductive tract infection is high in married women of childbearing age in Yangchun City, and the disease spectrum is diverse. The women of childbearing age haven＇t taken enough attentions to the reproductive tract infection and they know little about the prevention. Education work and periodic screening of reproductive tract infection in women of childbearing age are necessary.