电动汽车用定子永磁型磁通记忆式游标电机性能分析

Characteristics Analysis of Stator Permanent Magnet Flux-Memory Vernier Machine for Electric Vehicles

将磁通记忆的概念和游标结构运用到定子永磁型电机中,提出了一种应用于电动汽车的新型定子永磁型磁通记忆式游标电机。该电机采用了具有高剩磁、低矫顽力的铝镍钴永磁体和磁化绕组,使得在几乎不产生额外损耗的情况下就可以方便地实现在线调磁,从而可实现弱磁升速,有效拓宽了调速范围。在定子外层上增加了调制齿形成单气隙游标电机结构,通过调制齿实现"磁齿轮效应",从而实现电机的变速运行。基于分段线性磁滞模型与有限元时步法相结合分析了电机的静态及动态特性。仿真结果表明:该电机不仅调速范围宽而且具备低速大转矩等性能,能满足电动汽车起动、爬坡加速、高速巡航等运行工况的要求,在电动汽车领域具有一定的研究意义和应用前景。

To incorporate flux memory characteristic and vernier structure into the stator permanent magnet motor,a novel stator permanent magnet flux-memory vernier machine for electric vehicles was presented.The aluminum nickel cobalt alloy magnet with high redidual flux density,low coercive force and magnetizing windings were used so that the air-gap flux could be online tuned without additional copper loss,and the new motor could offer effective flux weakening control at high speed operation.By adding flux-modulated teeth in the outer part of the stator pole,the vernier structure with single air-gap could be formed,thus achieving the gear effect for variable speed operation.By using piecewise-linear hysteresis model and finite element method,the static and dynamic characteristics of the motor were analyzed.The simulation results show that the proposed motor has the advantages of the wide speed range and high torque output at low speed operation,which can meet the requirements of different operating conditions such as startup,climbing and high-speed cruise.Thus it has an important research significance and application prospects in the field of electric vehicles.