广州城郊妇女产褥期膳食营养与健康状况调查

Investigation on dietary nutrition and health status of urban and rural women during puerperium in Guangzhou city

目的:了解广州城郊妇女产褥期营养与健康状况。方法:选取467名广州城郊孕晚期妇女作为研究对象,追踪随访其产褥期膳食营养和患病情况。结果:调查对象肉禽鱼蛋类摄入充足,水果类、奶类、豆类明显摄入不足;郊区孕妇蔬菜类、肉禽鱼蛋类摄入显著高于城区(P<0.01),其他则低于城区;城郊妇女钙的摄入量均低于50%适宜摄入量(AI);郊区孕妇每日维生素C摄入量仅占推荐摄入量的50.08%。城郊妇女产褥期常见疾病为乳腺疾病(26.30%)、腰腿痛(24.20%)、便秘(16.70%)及恶露持续时间延长等。分娩后3天城区产妇平均体重为(61.07±8.32)kg,郊区产妇平均体重为(57.96±7.95)kg,城区产妇体重明显高于郊区(t=3.99,P<0.05)。产后6同城郊妇女体重比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:广州城郊妇女产褥期膳食结构不尽合理,健康状况有待改善,宜加强产褥期妇女营养保健宣教工作。

Objective： To understand the nutrition and health status of urban and rural women during puerperium in Guangzhou city. Methods： A total of 467 urban and rural women during the third trimester of pregnancy in Guangzhou city were selected as study ob- jects, and the dietary nutrition and prevalence during puerperium were followed up. Results： For urban women and rural women, meat, fish and eggs intakes were enough, but fruits, milk and beans were obviously insufficient ; the intakes of cereals, meat, poultry, fish and eggs in rural women were statistically significantly higher than those in urban women （P 〈 0. 01 ）, while the intakes of the others nutrients were lower than those in urban women; the intake of calcium among all the subjects was less than 50% of the adequate intake （AI） , and daily intake of vitamin C of rural women only accounted for 50. 08% of recommended nutrient intake （RNI） . The common disease of urban women and ru- ral women during puerperium were breast disease （26. 3% ）, low back pain （24. 2% ）, constipation （16. 7% ） and extended duration of lo- chia. The mean body weights at three days after delivery in urban women and rural women were （61.07 ＋8.32） kg and （57.96 _＋7.95） kg, respectively, the body wight of urban women was statistically significantly higher than that of rural women （ t = 3.99, P 〈 0.05 ） , but there was no statistically significant difference at 6 days after delivery between urban women and rural women （ P 〉 0. 05 ） . Conclusion： The di- etary structure of postpartum women in urban and suburban areas of Guangdong city is unreasonable, and health status of them still needs to be improved, as a resuh, it is necessary to strengthen the nutrition and health education work among postpartum women.