静电纺丝的计算机模拟

Computer simulation of electrostatic spinning

静电纺丝又称电纺,是制造纳米纤维的重要方法之一,其机理为聚合物溶液或熔体在电场力的牵伸作用下克服表面张力最后形成喷射细流。为了对纺丝过程一些物理现象获得更深的认识,得到质量优良的纳米纤维,有效控制纺丝过程,越来越多的研究人员开始采用计算机仿真模拟的方法来研究电纺的电磁场分布及纤维形成过程等内容,计算机仿真模拟是一种高效、节能的研究方法,它对指导实验有重要意义。本文综述了关于静电纺丝计算机模拟研究的一些内容,主要从4个方面来探讨:(1)单喷头电纺的模拟;(2)双喷头或多喷头电纺的模拟;(3)无喷头电纺过程的模拟:(4)现有问题及发展。介绍了单喷头、双喷头或多喷头、无喷头静电纺丝装置的特点和纤维形成过程的模拟情况;对不同静电纺丝装置中,喷头之间、喷头与收集板间的电场模拟情况进行了总结;分析了无喷头电纺装置的喷丝形式和参数影响的模拟结果。本文对国内外有关静电纺丝的模拟研究给予了详细的总结与分析,并对存在的问题及未来的发展方向进行了阐述。为获得质量更好的纤维、对纤维形成过程的模拟观察、纤维取向有效控制、增大产量等奠定基础。

Electrospinning is one of the important methods for producing nanofibers, its principle is that the polymer solution or melt in the electric field force overcome the surface tension, finally form a jet stream. In order to obtain accurate understanding of the physic phenomena, to improve the fiber quality, to control spinning process effectively, more and more researchers begin to dive in the study on the distribution of electromagnetic field and the fiber forming process by using computer simulation. Computer simulation is an efficient, energy-saving research method, it is meaningful for guiding the experiment. This paper presents a review on the resent researches on the simulation study of electrostatic spinning, the problems and the development direction of the method are discussed. The characteristics of different electrospinning devices with single nozzle, double or multi nozzle, non-nozzle were sum_marized. The simulations on the electrospinning process were analyzed. The simulation of electric field between the nozzle and nozzle or between the nozzle and the collecting plates was concluded. The simulation on the spin pattern and the effect of parameters on the needless electrospinning device was sum up.