藻类液化生物油的催化脱氧改质进展

Recent advances on catalytic deoxygenation upgrading of liquefaction microalgae bio-oil

含氧过多是限制藻类液化油实际应用的最大障碍,高含氧量意味着热值低、稳定性差、酸性强等,因此必须经过脱氧改质才能使其转化为高品位燃油。结合最新研究进展,首先选取藻类液化油中具有代表性的成分脂肪酸为模型化合物,总结了催化剂组成和反应气氛对脂肪酸脱氧机理及反应活性的影响。其次对目前国内外藻类液化原油及其轻馏分的催化脱氧改质研究现状进行综述。最后指出藻类液化生物油催化改质存在的问题,并对改进方法及未来的发展进行了展望。

Fuel production from renewable and carbon-neutral biomass has attracted much attention due to concerns for the depletion of petroleum reserves and global warming by greenhouse gases. Microalgae offer several advantages over conventional biomass as they have faster growth rate, do not require agricultural land for growth, and consume less water than terrestrial biomass. However, crude bio-oil from noncatalytic liquefaction of microalgae has a high content of oxygen, limiting its direct applications for transportation fuel. The high oxygen content suffers from some drawbacks such as lower energy density, poor oxidation stability and high corrosivity, so it should be deoxygenation upgraded as a high grade fuel. In this review, the effect of reaction atmosphere and nature of catalyst on the reaction pathways of the deoxygenation of fatty acids model compounds is discussed firstly. Then, related researches are reviewed based on crude oil of microalgal. Finally, problems in current bio-oil catalytic deoxygenation technologies, improvement advices and future prospect are also presented.