河北农村父母外出对留守儿童乙肝疫苗接种影响

Influence of parental migration to hepatitis B vaccination among left-behind children in Hebei province

目的探讨河北省农村留守儿童与非留守儿童乙肝疫苗接种差异,并分析父母外出及外出类型对农村儿童乙肝疫苗接种影响。方法采用多阶段与概率比例规模抽样结合方法,抽取保定和石家庄市4个县12个村1 106名≤15岁儿童,对其父母外出、乙肝疫苗接种及影响因素进行问卷调查。结果非留守儿童乙肝疫苗首针及时接种和全程接种情况优于留守儿童;出生队列分析中,非留守儿童接种率高于留守儿童,但差异从1998年出生队列当年28.7%缩小到2012年17.5%;多因素非条件logistic回归分析表明,父母外出、母亲外出和父亲外出是儿童乙肝疫苗接种的危险因素,医疗机构出生和较好的家庭经济状况是保护因素。结论非留守儿童乙肝疫苗接种情况优于留守儿童,但差距不断缩小;父母外出及外出类型对农村儿童乙肝疫苗接种有影响。

Objective To explore the differences in hepatitis B vaccination between left-behind children and nonleft-behind children in rural areas in Hebei province and to analyze the influence of parental migration and migration pattern on hepatitis B vaccination of their children. Methods A total of 1 106 children aged 15 years old and younger were selected from 12 villages in 4 counties in Baoding and Shijiazhuang city with probability proportionate to size sampling and investigated with a questionnaire survey. Results The status of timely first dose and all doses injection of hepatitis B vaccine in non-left-behind children was better than in the left-behind children. In the birth cohort analysis, injection rate in non-left-behind children was higher than in left-behind children, however ,the differences reduced from 28.7% in 1998 to 17.5% in 2012 for 1998 birth cohort. Unconditional logistic regression showed that migration of father and/or mother was a adverse factor for hepatitis B vaccination in rural children in Hebei province, whereas, born in hospital and in the family with better economic condition were protective factors. Conclusion The status of hepatitis B vaccination in non-left-behind children is better than in left-behind children in rural area of Hebei province, but the gap is decreasing. Parental migration and migration pattern affect hepatitis B vaccination of their children.