13～18岁维吾尔族中学生身体形态指标分析

Analysis on physique indicators of Uygur middle school students aged 13-18 years

目的了解维吾尔族中学生身体形态指标变化规律及其原因,为改善维吾尔族中学生体质健康水平提供依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法,于2010和2012年对新疆和田地区7 200名维吾尔族中学生身体形态指标进行分析。结果 2010和2012年城乡学生身体形态指标均随年龄增长而增长;2012与2010年比较,城市男女生身高、体重和城市女生胸围等身体形态继续呈现增长趋势;身高和体重增长平均值城市男生为0.44 cm和1.54 kg,城市女生为0.99 cm和1.29 kg,乡村男生为0.43 cm和1.53 kg,乡村女生为0.76 cm和1.7 kg;胸围平均值除城市女生增加1.29 cm外,城市男、乡村男、乡村女分别下降-0.32、-0.68和-1.55 cm;腰围均值城市男、女生,乡村男、女生下降平均值分别为-0.68、-0.49、-0.83和-1.19 cm;身体形态生长发育仍然存在城乡差距,总体水平城市高于乡村,且差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）。结论 13～18岁维吾尔族中学生身体形态生长水平随年龄增长而增长,身体形态生长发育存在城乡差异,城市男、女生身体形态指标均高于乡村。

Objective To examine the physical development of Uygur middle school students and to provide objec- tive basis for promoting the health level of the students. Methods With stratified random cluster sampling ,7 200 Uygur middle school students were selected in Hetian Prefecture of Xinjiang and the height, weight, chest and waist circumference in 2010 and 2012 were measured and analyzed. Results The physical development iudices increased with the increment of age among the students during the period of 2010 -2012. Compared with 2010, the height and weight of urban students and chest circumference of urban girls showed an increase trend. The average annual increments of height and weight were 0.44 cm and 1.54 kg for urban male students ,0. 99 cm and 1.29 kg for urban female students ,0. 43 cm and 1.53 kg for rural male students, and 0. 76 cm and 1.7 kg for rural female students, respectively. The average chest circ- umference inereased by 1.29 cm among urban girls but decreased by 0. 32 cm for urban male students ,0. 68 cm for rural male students,and 1.55 cm for rural female students. The decline in average waist circumference were 0.68 cm,0. 49 cm, 0. 83 cm,and 1.19 cm for urban boys,urban girls,rural boys,and rural girls,respectively. There was a difference between urban and rural students in physical development, with higher indicies among urban students than rural students （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Condusion Among Uygur middle school students at age of 13 - 18 years, the indicies of physical development increase with age, and there are rural-urban differences in the indicies, with higher indicies for urban students than rural students.