广州市已婚妇女常见病发病状况及相关因素分析

Epidemiological study and analysis on common gynecological diseases of married women in Guangzhou

目的 了解广州地区已婚妇女常见病疾病谱及其流行病学分布特征,初步掌握影响妇女患病和就医的生物、心理、社会等方面的因素,为政府和卫生行政部门制订促进妇女生殖健康的政策和干预措施提供科学依据。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,对14 163例不同层面的已婚妇女进行抽样调查。结果 妇科病患病率为46.39%;对医疗保健服务利用情况,平均就诊率为44.34%;91.73%的被调查妇女认为有必要定期进行妇女病普查,而接受过妇女病普查的妇女占调查对象的79.08%;对育龄妇女易患疾病、生殖道感染危害、预防生殖道感染的正确知晓率分别是73.87%、67.07%、82.78%;47.53%的已婚妇女希望通过医务人员咨询指导获得生殖保健知识。结论 以宫颈炎为主的生殖道感染是影响女性、尤其是育龄妇女生殖健康的最主要疾病,41~55岁妇女是妇科肿瘤的重点监测对象,31~50岁妇女是乳腺疾病的重点监测对象,妇女的自我保健意识和能力有待提高。

[ Objective ] To investigate gynecological disease spectrum of married women and characteristics of epidemiological distribution in Guangzhou,to primary understand the effect of sickness and hospitalizing on women＇s biological, psychological,social and other factors,to provide a scientific basis for the government and health administrative departments to formulate policies to promote women＇s reproductive health and instituting intervention study. [ Methods ] By stratified random sampling method, the 14 163 married women at different levels were sample investigated. [ Results ] The incidence rate of gynecological disease was 46.39%.On utilization of health care services, average visiting rate was 44.34%,91.73% of the surveyed women believe it is necessary to conduct regular surveys of gynecological diseases, but only 79.08% of the surveyed women had received the screening for common gynecological diseases. There were respectively 73.87%, 67.07% and 82.78% of women who clear about the common gynecological diseases, the harm of reproductive tract infections and prevention of reproductive tract infections.47.53% of married women want to lear reproductive health knowledge through the medical staff. [ Conclusion ] The most important disease of reproductive health was reproductive tract infections, especially cervicitis in the reproductive women. Women aged 41 to 55 are the main gynecological tumors crowd, women aged 31 to 50 is the focus of breast disease surveillance objects, awareness and ability of women＇s serf-care needs to be improved.