填料诱导聚偏氟乙烯极性晶型及其性能研究进展

Research Progress in Polar Crystal Induced by Fillers and Properties of Poly Vinylidene Fluoride

聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)是一种极性较强的结晶高分子材料,其中极性的β和γ晶在压电和热电方面具有较广阔的应用前景。然而通用的加工方法只能得到非极性的α晶,为此,简要介绍了一种简便有效的形成极性PVDF晶的方法——填料诱导法。综述了各种不同填料及表面改性剂对PVDF中α、β和γ晶型的诱导规律和诱导机理,并简单分析了填料填充PVDF复合材料的物理和力学性能,指出研究高含量β晶的制备方法及其转变机理是今后PVDF改性的主要发展方向。

Poly vinylidene fluoride （PVDF）, a kind of strong polarity of crystalline polymer, contains α、β and γ crystal morphology. The polar β and γphases have broad application prospects in the piezoelectric and pyroelectric field. However, only the nonpolar a phase of PVDF was obtained from the traditional processing method. Hence, a simple and effective method （filler-induced method） to form polar PVDF is reported. The influence and the crystallization mechanism of various fillers and surface modifier on the formation of α、β and γ phases in PVDF are reviewed. The physical and mechanical properties of PVDF nanocomposites enhanced by the fillers are also introduced. Further development approaches of preparation and the mechanism for the formation of β phases is the main trend of PVDF base nanocomposites.