动态旋风分离装置分离效率的理论与实验研究

Theoretical and experimental investigations on separation efficiency of a dynamic cyclone

对普通旋风分离器进行改进,设计了一种带有旋转叶片的逆流式动态旋风分离装置,并对其分离效率进行了实验和理论计算。结合Alexander准自由涡模型、Barth平衡轨道模型及Chmielniak和Bryczkowski对顺流动态旋风分离器的研究,获得了装置的理论分离效率的计算方法,并与实验中通过静电低压旋风颗粒取样器(ELPI)获得的分离效率进行了对比及修正。修正后的理论解与实验获得的分离效率偏差在5%以内,理论方法对装置的分离效率能够进行准确的预测,同时实验数据表明,该种设备分离效率随入口气速和旋转叶片转速的提高而增强,且该装置对于5μm以上的颗粒具有较好的分离效果。

A kind of dynamic cyclone with rotor blades is designed in this study.The separation efficiency is studied theoretically and experimentally.The collection efficiency of the dynamic cyclone is predicted through a new theoretical approach based on Alexander＇s rule of quasi-free vortex,Barth＇s rule of equilibrium orbit and a theoretical model of down-flow cyclones introduced by Chmielniak and Bryczkowski.The verified theoretical results are compared with the experimental results got with Electrical Low Pressure Impactor.The deviation between theoretical and experimental results is less than 5％.The theoretical model shows good agreement with the experiments.The theoretical and experimental results show that the fractional efficiency is improved with the increasing of the inlet gas velocity and the rotate speed.The dynamic cyclone is characterized by high efficiency especially for the particle larger than 5 μm.