上海地区军队离退休干部老年高脂血症患者认知功能现况调查

Cognitive function of hyperlipidemia veteran cadres in Shanghai, China：a cross-sectional investigation

目的：通过对相匹配的老年高脂血症患者和正常血脂老年人的认知功能进行调查和比较，探讨高血脂对认知功能的影响，为军队离退休干部高脂血症患者认知功能改变的早期发现和预防提供一定的依据。方法通过简易智力状态量表（MMSE）和蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）对上海地区军队离退休干部中高脂血症患者（高脂血症组）与正常血脂老年人（正常血脂组）的认知功能进行测定，调查老年高脂血症患者认知功能的改变情况。结果和结论高脂血症组认知功能改变的患病率明显高于正常血脂组（29.00% vs 16.11%，P＜0.001）。高脂血症组MMSE量表分数和MoCA量表分数均较正常血脂组低（P＜0.001）。认知功能分项指标提示，高脂血症组老年人的地点定向力、延迟回忆能力、注意力和计算力均较正常血脂组下降（P＜0.05）。

Objective To determine the effect of hyperlipidemia on cognitive function by comparing cognitive function of elderly with or without hyperlipidemia in Shanghai, in order to provide a basis for early awareness and prevention of cognitive impairment in hyperlipidemia elderly. Methods The eligible candidates were recruited from veteran cadres station in Shanghai, China. The surveys were conducted face-to-face using Mini-Mental State Examination （MMSE） and Montreal Cognitive Assessment （MoCA）. The results of cognitive function were compared between the patients with hyperlipidemia （hyperlipidemia group） and the matched normal controls （normal lipidemia group）. Results and Conclusion The prevalence of cognitive impairment was significantly higher in hyperlipidemia group than in normal lipidemia group （29%vs 16.11%, P〈0.001）. MMSE and MoCA scores were obviously lower in the elderly hyperlipidemia group than in normal lipidemia group （P〈0.001）. The results indicated that the spatial orientation ability, and capacity of delayed recall, attention and calculation ability are significantly decreased in hyperlipidemia group （P〈0.05）.