我国东南地区口腔黏膜鳞癌发病状况的描述性分析

Descriptive analysis of oral squamous cell cancer incidence in south and east China

目的:分析我国东南地区口腔黏膜鳞癌近年来的发病特点。方法:对791例我国东南地区的口腔黏膜鳞癌病例进行描述性统计分析。采用SPSS19.0软件包对数据进行整理,成组资料t检验和χ2检验比较组间差异。结合国内外文献报道,分析疾病发病的时间和地区变化。结果:本组资料的男女性别比为1.94∶1;男女病例的平均年龄分别为56.9岁和57.5岁。男性发病部位前3位的是舌(49.8%)、口底(15.1%)和牙龈(14.6%);女性发病部位前3位的是舌(60.2%)、颊(21.9%)和牙龈(13.4%)。结论:与20世纪的统计资料相比,我国东南地区口腔黏膜鳞癌的高发年龄后移近10年;男女性别比的地区差异明显,年代变化不大。舌是目前口腔黏膜鳞癌最主要的发病部位;口底和颊分别位男女口腔黏膜鳞癌的第2位;牙龈癌的占比有所下降。

PURPOSE： To elaborate the recent characteristics of oral squamous cell cancer incidence in south and east China. METHODS： Seven hundred ninety-one cases were included in this descriptive analysis. Grouped t test and Chi-square test were used to compare the differences between groups by using SPSS19.0 software package. Literature review was used to analyze the changing trend by time and region of the disease. RESULTS： The man to female ratio was 1.94：1. The average age was 56.9 years for man and 57.5 for woman. The top three subsites for male were tongue （49.8%）, floor of mouth （15.1%） and gingiva （14.6%）. The top three subsites for female were tongue （60.2%）, cheek （21.9%） and gingiva （13.4%）. CONCLUSIONS： Compared to the data of last century, the peak age of OSCC in south and east China was 10 years later than before. Male to female ratio had significant difference by region while little change for the era. Oral tongue was the most common subsite, followed by floor of mouth for men and cheek for women. Incidence of gingival cancer was decreased.