鄂尔多斯盆地南部黄土塬区三维地震勘探关键技术研究

The key technologies of 3D seismic exploration in loess plateau area of Southern Ordos Basin

鄂尔多斯盆地南部地表覆盖巨厚黄土层,黄土厚度差异较大,对于地震激发/接收有着非常严重的影响。经过多年黄土塬地震勘探技术攻关与应用研究,提出并形成了针对巨厚弱弹性黄土介质的小药量多井组合分散激发关键技术,以及"阶梯式"表层岩性结构调查、基于地表结构精细调查的三维采集设计优化、模型约束等效层析结构"三步法"静校正等3项配套技术。通过近年来镇泾等区块数千平方公里三维地震勘探实践,证实了以上关键技术系列的有效性,极大地提高了黄土塬地区地震资料的品质。

Southern Ordos Basin is covered of great thick loess with extremely different thickness,which has a great impact on the seismic excitation and receiving.With the field tests and application study of seismic exploration technologies in the loess plateau for several years,a key technology and three other supporting technologies have been proposed.The key technology is sparse excitation of multi wells array with small quantity dynamic for great thick and weak elastic loess medium and three supporting technologies include the ＂Ladder＂ near-surface lithology investigation,the optimization of 3D acquisition design from the fine near surface investigations and ＂three-step＂ model constraints statics.With the practice of thousands of square kilometers 3D seismic exploration in Zhenjing area for the recent years,the validity of a series of technologies is proved with the great improvement of seismic data quality in loess plateau.