有机磷农药中毒致Sprague-Dawley大鼠急性肺损伤的实验研究

Experiment on Acute Lung Injury in Sprague-Dawley Rats Induced by Organophosphorus Pesticide

目的 通过测定氧化乐果中毒Sprague-Dawley（SD）大鼠血清核转录因子-κB（NF-κB）的浓度、肺组织NF-κB表达水平、肺系数，探讨有机磷农药中毒致大鼠肺损伤的机制。 方法 将96只雄性健康SD大鼠（6周龄）随机分为对照组（A组）和染毒组（B组），每组48只，B组以0.4%氧化乐果乳油工作液（40%氧化乐果乳油1 mL加99 mL生理盐水稀释而成）以大鼠经口半数致死量45 mg/kg灌胃染毒建立有机磷中毒模型，A组灌胃等量无菌生理盐水。分别于灌胃后30 min及3、6、12、24、48 h从各组中抽取6只大鼠，并处死，测定各组肺系数、血清NF-κB浓度、肺组织NF-κB表达水平，并观察肺组织病理改变。 结果 B组与A组比较，肺系数与血清NF-κB浓度及肺组织NF-κB表达上调（P＜0.01）；A组大鼠各时间点肺组织切片正常，B组大鼠肺组织于染毒后30 min出现肺间质充血，肺泡间隔增宽，甚至可见肺泡内有红细胞聚集，并逐渐加重，至染毒后12 h达到高峰，24～48 h上述变化逐渐减轻。 结论 NF-κB可能参与了有机磷杀虫剂中毒时肺损伤的过程。

Objective To explore the mechanism of lung injury in Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats induced by acute organic phosphorus pesticides （AOPP） by observing the changes of the blood serum nuclear factor （NF）-kB consistence, NF-kB level of lung tissue and lung coefficient. Method Ninety-six healthy male SD rats （six weeks old） were randomly divided into group A （control, n=48） and group B （poison, n=48）. The rats of group B were given omethoate by gavage （45 mg/kg）, and the rats of group A accepted normal saline. Then the rats were killed at designated observing points （30 minutes; 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours）, and the lung coefficient, blood serum NF-kB consistence and NF-kB level of lung tissue were measured. At the same time, we observed the pathological changes of the rats＇ lung tissue. Results Compared with group A, blood serum NF-kB consistence, NF-kB level of lung tissue and the level of lung coefficient in group B were significantly higher （P 〈 0.01）. The lung tissues of group A were normal at each time point, but in group B, the lung pathological changes gradually appeared 30 minutes later with pulmonary interstitial engorging, alveolar septum widening and some alveolus being full of red blood cells, and this situation reached its peak at hour 12. Then it gradually mitigated from 24 to 48 hours. Conclusions There are significant increases in blood serum NF-kB consistence and NF-kB level in lung tissues in rats with lung injury induced by omethoate poisoning. The NF-kB may play a role in the process of lung injury induced by organophosphorus pesticide.