胰腺早期发育及终末分化细胞重编程为胰岛β细胞的研究进展

Progress in early pancreas development and reprogramming of terminally differentiated cells into β cells

1型糖尿病是一种由于自体免疫细胞破坏分泌胰岛素的?细胞而引起胰岛素绝对缺乏的自体免疫病。疾病患者需要依靠外源性途径来补给胰岛素,但胰岛素注射治疗不能根治病症,也不能有效地预防糖尿病并发症。多能性干细胞以及体细胞重编程产生胰岛素分泌细胞为根治1型糖尿病提供了可能。编程性的细胞能被用来进行移植治疗和药物筛选,为1型糖尿病的治疗带来了新的希望。当前,通过相关转录调节因子重编程终末分化细胞为胰岛?细胞已经取得了很大进展。文章对胰腺早期发育、胰腺相关转录调控因子及目前利用终末分化细胞重编程产生胰岛?细胞的研究内容进行了综述。

Type 1 diabetes mellitus （T1DM） is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks insu-lin-secretingβcells, thus leading to an absolute deficiency of insulin. Patients must rely on exogenous insulin, which cannot effectively prevent diabetes complications. Generation of insulin-secreting cells by reprogramming of pluripotent stem cells or somatic cells is a potential approach for the treatment of T1DM. These cells can be used for cell therapy and drug screening, and may eventually provide a cure for the disease. Significant progress has been made in generating insu-lin-secreting cells through the expression ofβcell specific transcription factors in stem cells or somatic cells. In this review, we summarize recent research progress in early pancreas development,βcell specific transcription factors and reprogram-ming of terminally differentiated cells intoβcells.