类型学视阈下的汉日语多项形容词定语语序对比研究

A Typological Contrastive Study of Attributive Order of Multiple Adjectives in Chinese and Japanese

多项形容词定语共现时,认知原则、词汇原则、语义原则、语用原则等多个原则相互作用。当多个原则相互和谐一致时语序相对比较固定;当多个原则之间相互竞争冲突时语序则相对自由。汉语和日语在认知原则方面体现出跨语言的普遍性——共性,但在词汇原则等方面则体现出汉日语各自不同的特殊性——个性。当形容词定语都前置于名词时,其相互顺序并非全都相当稳定,有时也相对比较自由。

Multiple principles interact when several adjectives co-exist as attributives, such as the cognitive principle, the lexical principle, the semantic principle, and the pragmatic principle. Word order is relatively fixed when multiple principles are in mutual harmony, but relatively free when multiple principles are in conflict with each other. With respect to cognitive principles, Chinese and Japanese embody the universality of cross-language -- commonness, but in such aspects as lexical principles, they each reflect a different particularity -- personality. Adjective attributives before the noun could sometimes be free rather than completely fixed.