对外贸易与工薪差距:文献述评

A Literature Review on Foreign Trade and Wage Gap

本文梳理了对外贸易与工薪差距的有关文献。研究表明,技术进步和对外贸易都是引起工薪差距扩大的主要原因,发达国家工薪差距的扩大是与技术工人产业内就业的变化高度相关的,这与发达国家开展的外包活动(中间产品贸易)有关,发达国家对外贸易与工薪差距问题可以用FH框架下的SS定理而不是HO模型中的SS定理来解释。对中国而言,应该对一般贸易和加工贸易与工薪差距的关系分别进行研究。但是,HO模型中的SS定理和FH框架下的SS定理都不适合解释中国的加工贸易与工薪差距问题。目前能够解释中国加工贸易与工薪差距关系的理论研究还是空白。

This paper reviews literatures on international trade and wage gap.The results show that technological change and foreign trade are main causes of wage gap.The wage disparity in developed countries is highly related to the change of skill workers＇ employment within the industries,which is due to outsourcing activities of developed countries.Therefore,the wage gap in developed countries can be explained by SS theorem under FH framework instead of SS theorem under HO framework.However,when it comes to China,we can＇t treat trade as a whole,and we should distinguish general trade and processing trade.But fortunately neither SS theorem under FH framework and SS theorem under HO framework is suitable for the relationship between China＇s processing trade and wage disparity,it is still a theoretic blank of explaining China＇s processing trade and wage gap.