攀枝花地区12岁儿童龋病的发病率及相关因素调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of The Incidence and Related Factors of Dental Caries In 12 Years Old Children in Panzhihua Region

目的：调查攀枝花地区12岁儿童龋病的发病率及相关因素。方法：按随机抽样的方法，对攀枝花地区342名12岁儿童进行口腔检查和问卷调查，了解龋病发生率和口腔卫生情况。结果：儿童患龋率城市高于农村（P〈0.05），女性患龋率均高于男性，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。儿童口腔健康行为的相关因素中，日刷牙次数（2-3）次与（0-1）次两组儿童患龋率分别为52.7%和32.9%，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。常用含氟牙膏的儿童患龋率显著低于不常用含氟牙膏的儿童（P〈0.05）；经常进行口腔检查的儿童患龋率也显著低于很少或从不进行口腔检查的儿童（P〈0.01）。问卷调查显示多数儿童对口腔健康的认知不足，认为含氟牙膏对牙齿防龋有益的儿童仅占12.4%（42/339）。结论：刷牙频率、含氟牙膏应用及口腔检查是影响儿童龋病的重要因素。医疗卫生机构应加强对儿童口腔健康的宣传教育工作，进一步提高青少年儿童口腔保健意识。

Objective：To investigate the incidence and related factors of caries on 12-year-old children in Panzhihua region.Methods：By random sampling method, oral examination and survey were done to understand the incidence of dental caries and oral hygiene in Panzhihua region for 342 children aged 12.Results：Caries incidence was higher in urban than that in rural areas （P〈0.05）. Caries rate of women was higher than men, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. In the factors related to children＇s oral health behavior, brushing 2 or 3 times per day the caries incidence of was 52.7%and brushing 0 or 1 time per day the incidence of was 32.9%, the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.01）. Caries incidence of children commonly using fluoride toothpaste was significantly lower than that of children infrequently using fluoride toothpaste （P〈0.05）. Caries incidence of children with regular dental check was significantly lower than that that of children with rarely or never performed oral examination （P〈0.01）. Survey showed most children were lack of knowledge of oral health. Only 12.4%（42/339） of children considered it＇s beneficial to use fluoride toothpaste for preventing caries.Conclusion：Frequency of tooth brushing, application of fluoride toothpaste and oral examination were important factors affecting caries. Medical and health institutions should strengthen the children＇s oral health education work to further improve young children＇s oral health awareness.