河南省输入性疟疾现状与流行特征

Current status and epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in Henan Province

目的了解河南省输入性疟疾的流行现状和特征,为进一步加强输入性疟疾防治工作提供科学依据。方法对河南省近年疟疾年报表、网络直报数据及个案调查表进行统计和描述性分析。结果河南省近年输入性疟疾比率上升,2009～2013年输入性疟疾病例数分别为45、106、146、156和197例,占年发病总数的比例分别为2.78%、11.83%、46.50%、100%和100%;输入性疟疾全年均可发病,没有季节性限制;输入性疟疾患者主要为青壮年男性,男女性别比为45.43：1,平均年龄为37.27岁,主要集中在20～50岁;职业以农民、工人和民工为主;输入性疟疾发病较高的市主要为郑州、洛阳、濮阳等;病例感染地主要为非洲和东南亚等地。2013年对197例输入性疟疾确诊时间的中位数为4d,24h内确诊17例（8.63%）,省级医疗机构确诊61例,县级疾控中心确诊60例,经药物治疗后193例痊愈,4例死亡。结论河南省输入疟疾形势严峻,各级疾控中心及相关部门应加大宣传力度,强化技术培训和疟疾防治工作力度,认真做好流动人口管理,做好疟疾防控工作。

Objective To analyze the current status and epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in Henan in recent years,and provide scientific evidence for the control of imported malaria.Methods Data of annual report about malaria in recent years in Henan and case reporting information were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiology.Results The proportion of imported malaria cases in Henan increased in recent years,which was 45,106,146,156 and 197and accounted for 2.78%,11.83%,46.50%,100%a and 100%of the total cases from 2009 to 2013 respectively.The cases occurred every month,most cases were young males with the sex ratio of 45.43：1.The average age was 37.27 years old and the most of the cases distributed in people aged 20~50 years.The areas with higher incidence of imported malaria included Zhengzhou,Luoyang and Puyang.The cases were mainly imported from Africa and SE Asia.The median interval from symptom appearing to diagnosis was 4d,only 17 patients（8.63%） were diagnosed within 24h in 2013.Sixty-one cases were reported by provincial medical institutions.Sixty cases were reported by country CDC.A total of 193 cases treated with chemotherapy were recovered and four patients died.Conclusion The epidemic of imported malaria is serious in Henan.The centers for control and prevention at different levels should strengthen the publicizing,training and malaria control and prevention,and improve the management for floating population to decrease the incidence of imported malaria.