我国畜禽遗传资源开发与可持续利用的思考

Thoughts about Development and Sustainable Utilization of Animal Genetic Resources in China

畜禽遗传资源是重要的生物资源,对其进行有效保护和可持续开发利用,既是满足社会对畜产品消费多样化的需要,也是发展现代畜牧业的基础。当前,我国地方畜禽遗传资源开发利用工作中存在投入不足、激励机制不健全、企业与科研机构等部门的研发和推广力度不够、保护与开发利用工作相脱节等难点,需要通过完善相关政策、健全机制、科技创新、打造保护与开发利用相促进的良性循环等方式,进一步推动地方畜禽遗传资源的开发利用工作,以满足人们对畜产品种类、质量的更高要求,不断增强我国畜牧业发展的内生动力。综述了我国地方畜禽遗传资源保护与开发利用现状,分析了其中存在的一些问题和难点,并提出了相应的对策和建议。

Animal genetic resources are important biological resources.Their effective conservation and sustainable development and utilization is not only to meet the consumer＇s diverse needs,but also the basis for the development of modern animal husbandry.At present,there are still some difficulties in the development and utilization of domestic animal genetic resources in China,such as inadequate government investment,unsound incentive mechanism,insufficient efforts for research and development and extension from enterprises and scientific research institutions,separation between protection and development or utilization,etc.It is necessary to perfect relevant policies,improve the mechanism, innovate science and technology, and establish a virtuous cycle, in which protection and development /utilization are in mutual promotion,so as to further propel the development and utilization of local genetic resources of livestock and poultry,and to meet the higher requirement of the people for more varieties and better quality of animal products,and to constantly enhance the endogenous power for developing animal husbandry in China.This paper summarized the status of protection and utilization on local livestock and poultry genetic resources in China,and analyzed some problems and difficulties existed,and put forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.