甲酸-氢氧化钾/碳酸钾混合溶液法制备二甲酸钾

Using the mixed solution method of HCOOH-KOH/K_2CO_3 for preparation of potassium diformate

采用氢氧化钾、碳酸钾混合溶液与甲酸反应,一步制备获得二甲酸钾。相比传统的甲酸-氢氧化钾法,该方法能有效降低反应的剧烈程度,使反应可控。与甲酸-碳酸钾法相比,则可适当控制产气量,缩短反应周期。结果表明,反应温度65℃,反应时间1.5h,原料配比n(HCOOH)/n(K+)为2.6,混合比例n(KOH)/n(K2CO3)为0.3/0.7,此时收率可达89.08%。对蒸馏步骤进行优化后,在蒸馏压力为0.45MPa的情况下,控制蒸馏温度为95℃,采用母液回用,收率达到96%以上。

This research adopted the reaction of potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate mixture with formic acid to prepare the potassium diformate in one step. Comparing with the traditional preparation method of acid-potassium hydroxide, the method adopted can effectively reduce the reaction intensity, making the reaction under control. Moreover, the studied method adopted can control the gas production rate effectively and shorten the reaction period comparing with the process of formic acid-potassium carbonate. This research adopted the reaction of potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate mixture with formic acid to prepare the potassium diformate in one step. Results showed that when the reaction temperature was 65℃, reaction time was 1.5h, raw material ratio ofn （HCOOH）：n（K＋） was 2.6, the mix proportion of n（KOH）/n（K2CO3） was 0.3/0.7, the yield can reach 89.08%. After the optimization of distillation, it showed that the yield can reach more than 96% on the condition that distillation pressure was 0.45 MPa, the distillation temperature was 95℃ and adopting the method of mother liquor recycling.