情景式健康教育在老年冠心病患者便秘预防中的应用

Situational type of health education in preventing constipation of elderly patients with coronary heart disease

目的 探讨情景式健康教育对老年冠心病患者便秘预防的作用.方法 将511例心血管内科监护室的老年冠心病患者按照随机数字表法分为对照组251例和干预组260例,对照组按心血管内科常规健康教育方式进行预防便秘的指导,干预组除给予常规健康教育方式外,针对冠心病患者便秘发生的相关因素,给予情景式健康教育.观察两组患者便秘和心脏事件的发生情况.结果 干预组第1～3天、第3～5天和第5～7天便秘发生率分别为0.76％,0.38％,0.38％,明显低于对照组的5.18％,4.38％,4.38％,差异有统计学意义（x2值分别为8.717,8.901,8.901;P ＜0.05）;1个干预周期内,干预组心脏事件的发生率为0.38％,低于对照组的2.79％,差异有统计学意义（x2=4.790,P＜0.05）.结论 系统的情景式健康教育可有效地预防住院老年冠心病患者便秘的发生,并减少因便秘而引发的心脏事件.

Objective To investigate the role of scenario-based health education in constipation prevention of patients with coronary heart disease.Methods Totals of 511 elderly patients with coronary heart disease in Cardiology Care Unit were recruited and randomly divided into two groups：251 cases of the control group and 260 cases of intervention group.In order to reduce the occurrence of constipation,control group were treated with cardiovascular routine medical health education,while intervention group were given both cardiovascular routine medical health education and scenario-based health education including relevant factors of coronary heart disease.Results The incidence of constipation in 1 to 3 days（0.76% vs 5.18%）,3-5 days （0.38% vs 4.38%） and 5-7 days（0.38% vs 4.38%） of intervention group was respectively lower than that in control group,and the difference was statistically significant（x2 =8.717,8.901,8.901,respectively;P 〈 0.05）.And the incidence of cardiac events in intervention group was significantly less than that in control group （0.38% vs 2.79% ; x2 =4.790,P 〈 0.05）.Conclusions Scenario-based health education can effectively decrease constipation occurrence of elderly patients with coronary heart disease,and reduce the cardiac events.