经口内镜下肌切开术治疗贲门失弛缓症前后食管动力的变化

Dynamic Changes in Esophageal Manometry of Achalasia Patients Receiving Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy

背景：贲门失弛缓症的治疗目的为降低下食管括约肌压力（LESP），减轻梗阻，改善临床症状。经口内镜下肌切开术（POEM）近年来开始用于贲门失弛缓症的治疗。目的：通过分析手术前后食管动力的变化，评估 POEM治疗贲门失弛缓症的近期疗效。方法：纳入2011年12月～2012年10月在南京鼓楼医院诊断为贲门失弛缓症并接受POEM治疗的39例患者，对其手术前后食管液态测压和近期随访结果进行回顾性分析。结果：38例患者完成POEM和术后3 d 食管测压。术后3 d LESP 较术前显著降低（P ＜0．01），LES 松弛率与术前相比无明显差异。术前和术后3 d 食管体部均表现为蠕动性收缩消失，同步收缩比例增加。术后1个月随访，LESP 仍显著低于术前（P ＜0．05），37例患者吞咽困难明显好转，有效率为94．9％。结论：POEM治疗贲门失弛缓症近期内降低 LESP 和缓解临床症状效果明显，但对恢复食管蠕动功能作用有限。食管测压对贲门失弛缓症术后疗效评估有一定价值。

Background：The goals for treatment of achalasia are reducing lower esophageal sphincter pressure （LESP）and alleviating esophageal obstruction and its related symptoms.Peroral endoscopic myotomy （POEM）is a promising option for treating achalasia.Aims：To assess the short-term efficacy of POEM for treating achalasia by analyzing the dynamic changes in esophageal manometry.Methods：A retrospective study was conducted in 39 achalasia patients receiving POEM in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from Dec.2011 to Oct.2012.Data of water-perfusion esophageal manometry and one-month follow up were collected and analyzed.Results：Thirty-eight patients accomplished the POEM procedure and esophageal manometry three days after treatment.The post-POEM LESP was significantly reduced as compared with the pre-POEMones （P 〈0.01）,while no significant difference was seen in LES relaxation rate before and after POEM.With regard to the motility of esophageal body,absence of peristalsis and increased synchronous contraction were observed both pre-and post-operatively.One month after POEM,LESP was still significantly lower than that before treatment （P 〈0.05）.Thirty-seven patients had their dysphagia alleviated with an efficacy rate of 94.9%.Conclusions：POEM can reduce LESP and alleviate clinical symptoms of achalasia patients but has no effect on esophageal peristalsis during the short-term follow up.Esophageal manometry is useful for evaluating the short-term outcome postoperatively.