预见性护理降低股动脉穿刺点局部血肿发生率的研究

Application of prospective risk nursing measures in reducing the occurrence of postoperative local hematoma at femoral artery puncture site

目的探讨应用预见性护理措施降低股动脉穿刺点局部血肿的发生率的作用。方法研究对象分为对照组和干预组,通过对回顾性调查605例股动脉穿刺介入诊疗患者(对照组)术后穿刺点局部血肿发生的危险因素,设计风险评估观察表,对322例患者(干预组)采用风险评估、护士规范化专业培训,个体化健康指导及改进护理用具等预见性护理措施,进行前瞻性干预,观察两组间血肿发生率的差异。结果两组的人口学资料和临床资料差异无统计学意义,干预组血肿发生率较对照组明显降低分别为2.17%(7/322)和5.12%(31/605),差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.652,P<0.05),血肿发生严重程度两组无显著性差异。结论预见性护理措施可以有效降低股动脉穿刺点局部血肿的发生率。

Objective To discuss the application of prospective risk nursing measures in reducing the occurrence of postoperative local hematoma at femoral artery puncture site. Methods A total of 605 patients receiving femoral artery puncture for interventional management were collected as the control group , and 322 patients were used as the intervention group. The risk factors causing postoperative local hematoma at femoral artery puncture site in the control group were recorded, and based on which risk estimation survey table was designed. According to risk estimation survey, the prospective intervention measures, including risk assessment, standardization of professional training, individual health education, the improvement of care appliance, etc. were carried out for the patients of the intervention group. The occurrences of postoperative local hematoma at femoral artery puncture site were recorded and the results were compared between the two groups. Results No statistically significant differences in demographic and clinical data existed between the two groups. However, the incidence of hematoma in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group （χ2 = 4.652, P 〈 0.05）, although the difference in the severity of hematoma was not significant between the two groups. Conclusion The use of prospective risk nursing measures can effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative hematoma at femoral artery puncture site.