西部某省建筑工地流动人口烟草使用行为及影响因素分析

Analysis of tobacco use and associated factors among migrants in construction sites of Western China

目的:了解西部某省建筑工地流动人口烟草使用情况并分析其影响因素。方法:对陕西省西安市和铜川市10个建筑工地652名流动人口进行问卷调查,用χ2检验和非条件Logistic回归分析流动人口烟草使用的影响因素。结果:建筑工地流动人口男性居多,占82.7%(535/647),平均年龄为(38.23±10.61)岁。流动人口现在吸烟率为55.8%(364/652),其中男性现在吸烟率为64.3%(344/535),女性现在吸烟率为14.3%(16/112)。吸烟者中82.5%(329/399)有戒烟意愿,但仅52.7%(210/399)有戒烟行动,戒烟成功率为8.8%(35/399)。多因素分析发现年龄小、两周内患过病、认为戒烟不困难以及对烟草使用益处持反对态度的流动人口更有可能采取戒烟行动。结论:建筑工地流动人口呈现出年龄大、健康素养水平低、以男性为主、吸烟率高、戒烟意愿也高的特点,相关部门应在建筑工地流动人口中开展针对性的控烟活动,促使吸烟者将戒烟意愿转化为切实的戒烟行动,降低吸烟率。

Objective：To investigate the behavior of tobacco use among migrants in construction sites and explore the associated factors .Methods： A total of 652 migrants in 10 construction sites were selected in Xi’ an and Tongchuan .Chi-square and logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of tobacco use.Results：The average age of the migrants in the construction site was （38.23 ± 10.61）, and males occupied 82.7%（535/647） of the total.The current smoking rate of the migrants was 55.8%（364/652）, with 64.3%（344/535） in males and 14.3%（16/112） in females.82.5%（329/399） smokers wanted to quit smoke , however only 52.7%（210/399） had tried quitting smoking in action, and 8.8%（35/399） quitted smoking successfully .Multivariable regression indicated that the migrants who were at lower age , and sick within 2 weeks, had perceived not difficult to stop smoking and who disagree with the benefits of smoking were more likely to try to quit smoking .Conclusion：Migrants in construction sites show their characteristics of old age , low level of health literacy , male-domination , high smoking rate and high intention of quitting smoking .Tobacco control projects should be implemented in construction sites to promote the translation of smoking quitting intention into action .