不锈钢设计应力的研讨

Discussion of Design Stress Intensity for Stainless Steel

欧洲关于压力容器的指令已于1999年12月开始生效。这个新的，统一的指令将逐步地取代现有的国家标准（欧洲国家）。奥氏体不锈钢的许用应力将取决于屈服强度Rp1.0和抗拉强度Rm。而双相不锈钢将遵照铁素体钢的原则，按屈服强度Rp0.2和室温时的抗拉强度Rm。ASMEⅧ－1规范也于1999年7月作了改动，将抗拉强度的安全系数由4降至3.5。本文在比较各规范的同时，也对国标GB进行了讨论。

The European stipulation on pressure vessel was in effect in December 1999.This new and sole stipulation will gradually substitute for the ones issued by each country in Europe.The allowable stress of the austenitic stainless steels shall be determined by the yielding stress Rp1.0 and the ultimate stress Rm.Whereas, the allowable stress of the double phase stainless steel, like that of the ferrite steel, shall be determined by the yielding stress Rp1.0 and the ultimate stress Rm at room temperature.ASME VIII－ 1 was changed on the factor of safety for the ultimate stress from 4.0 to 3.5 in July 1999.The relevant provisions in GB were discussed in this article when the codes for each country were compared.