高功率微波辐射对大鼠的肝损伤作用及对细胞因子的影响

Effect of high power microwave radiation on liver injury and serum cytokine in rats

目的探讨高功率微波辐射对大鼠肝细胞形态结构及血清细胞因子的影响。方法以100mW/cm2功率对成年雄性Wistar大鼠进行微波辐射,并设立正常对照组。分别于辐射后1、7和14d进行心脏采血,取血清检测天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、白介素(IL)-6、IL-10和IL-18水平;采血后处死大鼠,冰浴下取肝右叶组织,采用光镜观察肝组织结构的改变。结果形态学观察发现辐射后1、7d大鼠肝小叶内有散在、片状肝细胞变性、坏死及炎性细胞浸润,辐射后14d时病变减轻,但仍有部分肝细胞有变性及点状坏死。大鼠血清AST和ALT水平于辐射后1、7d与对照组比较均明显升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);14d时ALT和AST与对照组比较差异无统计学意义。细胞因子IL-6和IL-18水平于辐射后1、7d明显高于对照组(P<0.01),14d时有所恢复;IL-10水平与对照组比较呈下降趋势,辐射后1d时与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高功率微波辐射对肝脏结构和功能具有损伤效应,其机制可能与细胞因子IL-6、IL-10和IL-18的变化有关。

Objective To investigate the effect of high power microwave （HPM） radiation on morphology of liver cells and serum cytokines in rats. Methods Adult male Wistar rats were exposed to 100 mW/cm^2 intensity microwave radiation as experimental group, and rats without radiation were designed as normal controls. The blood samples were obtained from the hearts to determine the levels of aspartate transaminase （AST）, alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, interleukin （IL）-6, IL-10 and IL-18 on 1 d,7 d and 14 d after HPM radiation. Finally the rats were sacrificed and the right leaf tissues of liver were obtained immediately under ice bath, and the hepatic tissue changes were observed under routine light microscope. Results There were inflammatory cell infiltration, scattered, and patched cell degradation, and necrosis in rat hepatic lobule on 1 d and 7 d after HPM radiation~ the situation was improved on 14 d after radiation, but there were still cell degradation and dotted necrosis. Serum levels of AST and ALT in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group on 1 d and 7 d after HPM radiation （P〈0.05,P〈0.01） ,but not on 14 d after radiation （P〈0.05）. Serum levels of cytokines IL-6 and IL-18 in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group on 1 d and 7 d after HPM radiation （P〈0.01）,and the changes recovered somewhat on 14 d after radiation. Level of IL-10 was decreased after radiation compared with the control group, with significant difference found on 1 d after radiation （P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion HPM radiation can cause damage to liver structure and function, which might be associated with the changes of serum IL-6 ,IL-10 and IL-18 levels.