消化道出血的病因分析及临床研究

Analysis of etiology in gastrointestinal bleeding

目的通过对消化道出血患者的发病原因的分析探讨，为消化道出血的临床诊断提供理论参考依据。方法选取120例2010年3月～2013年3月间于我院就诊的消化道出血患者，收集所有的病例资料，然后整理分析，探讨可能的发病原因。结果120例患者中，上消化道出血为75例，占62．5％（75／120）；下消化道出血为45例，占37．5％（45／120）；上消化道的出血原因中，消化性溃疡是最常见的，共36例，占48．0％（36／75），急性的胃黏膜病变以及食管胃底的静脉曲张破裂为其次，前者共13例，占17.3％（13／75），后者共10例，占13.3％（10／75）；下消化道的出血原因中，主要的是肿瘤以及炎症性的病变，前者共25例，占55．6％（25／45），后者共7例，占15．6％（7／45）。结论在出血部位上，消化道出血多发于上消化道，而上消化道的出血原因中最主要的是消化性溃疡，此外下消化道的出血原因中，最主要的是肿瘤。

Objective To analyze and discuss the etiology of gastrointestinal bleeding and provide a theoretical reference for the clinical diagnosis of gastrointestinal bleeding. Methods Selected 120 cases of gastrointestinal bleeding patients between 2010.03 to 2013.03 under treatment at our hospital,collected all the clinical data, and then analyzed with a view to explore the possible causes of morbidity. Results 75 cases＇positions of bleeding located in upper gastrointestinal,62.5% （ 75/120 ） and 45 cases in lower gastrointestinal, 37.5% （ 45/120 ）. Viewed causes of bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract,the most common one is peptic ulcer disease,a total of 36 cases,accounting for 48.0% （36/75）, and acute gastric mucosal lesion of esophageal and gastric varices were followed,a total of 13 cases of the former,17.3% （13/75）, a total of 10 cases of the later,accounting for 13.3%（10/75）;Viewed causes of bleeding in the lower gastrointestinal,the main were tumor and inflammatory lesions,25 cases of the former, accounting for 55.6% （25/45）,7 cases of the later,accounting for 15.6%（7/45）. Conclusion The most common site of gastrointestinal bleeding located in upper gastrointestinal. The first causation of bleeding was peptic ulcer in upper gastrointestinal and tumor in lower gastrointestinal respectively.