论法国殖民统治对柬埔寨社会文化的影响

Influences of French Colonial Domination on Cambodian Social Culture

1863年《法柬条约》的签订,标志着柬埔寨正式沦为法国的"保护国"。长达90年的法属殖民统治不仅使柬埔寨的社会政治、经济结构发生了巨大改变,而且给柬埔寨的社会文化发展打上了深深的殖民主义烙印。一方面在法国文化殖民政策的践踏下,高棉民族传统文化停滞不前;另一方面却也受益于殖民主义"双重使命"所带来的现代化气息。但总的来说,法国忽视教育、将柬埔寨置于从属地位的殖民文化政策限制了柬埔寨民族传统文化的传承与发展,是导致其近代以来社会文化发展滞后的重要原因。

The conclusion of the 1863 Franco-Cambodia Treaty showed that Cambodia officially had become a French protectorate. The 90-year French colonial domination in Cambodia not only brought about huge changes to its social politics and economic structure, but also left its social and cultural development a deep imprint of colonialism. For one thing, trampled by French cultural colonization policy, traditional Khmer culture remained stagnant. But for another, it also benefited from the modernization brought by the ＂dual mission＂ of colonialism. But generally speaking, the French neglect of education and its colonial policy of regarding Cambodia as subordinate restricted the inheritance and development of traditional Cambodian culture, and were the important reasons why it lagged behind in its social and cultural development in modem times.