论波斯细密画的伊斯兰合法性

On the Islamic Legality of the Persian Miniature Paintings

波斯细密画以苏非神秘主义哲学思想为自己的绘画理念和理论基础,以心灵之眼即"悟眼"去觉悟所画对象的"本真"状态,被画物没有远近大小之分,也没有明暗阴影,也不表现夜色。细密画的宗旨是描绘真主创世的"蓝本",注重被画物的普遍性与共性,因而呈现出浓厚的程式化特征。在色彩运用上,细密画以"崇高原则"为本,描绘真主眼中色彩斑斓的世界。同时,细密画画家借由俯瞰视角——被视为真主俯瞰世界的神的视角、借由苏非神秘主义中"人主合一"的学说,让自己的个体精神消融在真主的绝对精神中,从而也获得了伊斯兰合法性。由此,在反对偶像崇拜的伊斯兰文化中,细密画获得了其宗教合法性,成为伊斯兰世界的一朵艺术奇葩。

Persian miniature paintings have Sufist mysticism as their concept and theory, and use the eye of the soul to perceive the ＂origin＂ of the object to be painted without regard for its distance or brightness. Their purpose is to depict the ＂blueprint＂ with which Allah created the world, paying attention to the universality of the objects to be painted and thus showing an obvious formularization. In using colors, they take the sublime principle and depict the colorful world in the eyes of Allah. By taking a bird＇s eye view and using the Sufist theory of ＂harmony between man and Allah＂, these painters merge the individual spirit into the absolute spirit of Allah, thus gaining the legality of Islam.