“翱翔”、“昭假”古义考辨

A Research about the Ancient Meaning of Two words: "Ao Xiang" and "Zhao Jia"

“翱翔”、“昭假”二词之原义，后人多不明，以致误解。文章追本究源，对其进行考证。“翱翔”，古籍中多数指人的遨游，并非指今之空中飞翔之意。《诗经》中的五例“翱翔”均用于指人。“昭假”，义为昭格，假与格古籍中并非全为“至”义，多数用为“告”义，古籍中常见的“昭假”应是“昭告”的意思。这是上古时期的一个祭祀用语，用于表达人与神之间精神、意识相交流、沟通的含义。它不仅可用于人告神，也可用于神告人。“格”字又由此进一步引中为感通、感动、感知的含义。

Most people of later generations do not know the original meaning of the two words, ＂ao xiang＂ and ＂zhao jia＂, which re- sults in misunderstanding. Tracing the origin, the paper does textual research about them. In most cases, ＂ao xiang＂ means ＂roa- ming＂ in ancient books, instead of the present ＂flying in the air＂. Five cases of ＂ao xiang＂ in the Book of Songs are all used to re- fer to people. ＂Zhao jia＂, defined as ＂zhao ge＂, which is often seen in ancients books, means ＂informing＂. This is a term used in ancient ritual to express the spiritual and conscious communication between man and God. It not only can be used to express ＂infor- ming God by people＂ , but also be used to express ＂informing people by God＂. ＂Ge＂ extends to mean ＂connecting＂, ＂inspiring＂ and ＂perceiving＂.