论刘勰“比兴”观的美学内涵

On the Aesthetic Connotation of "Bi Xing" by Liu Xie

刘勰在《文心雕龙》中的比兴观分成两个部分,一是比和兴,二是比兴。从前者来说,比和兴是两个词,两种方法,＂比＂为附理,＂兴＂为起情。就后者而言,比兴合二为一是一个不可分割的整体概念,可解释为＂一种艺术性的特征,近于我们今天所说的‘艺术形象’一语＂。通过对《文心雕龙》中＂比兴＂观点的探讨,可以发现刘勰对于＂比兴＂有一种＂唯务折中＂的态度。一方面他标榜＂原道＂、＂征圣＂、＂宗经＂,遵循先秦两汉儒家对＂比兴＂的传统解释,另一方面他又重视魏晋以来种种新变和讨论,提出＂兴是起情＂的观点,表现出浓厚的时代特色。

In The Literary Mind and Carving of Dragons, Liu Xie＇s view about ＂Bi Xing＂ is divided into two parts, one is the ＂Bi and Xing＂ and the other is ＂Bi-xing＂. From the former, ＂Bi＂ and ＂Xing＂ are two words, two methods, ＂Bi＂ for reasoning, and ＂Xing＂ for the mood. For the latter, ＂Bi-xing＂ is a indispensable and integral whole concept, interpreted as ＂a kind of artistic features＂, similar to ＂art image＂, what we call it today. Through the discussion of the view of ＂Bi Xing＂ in The Literary Mind and Carving of Dragon, we can find an eclectic attitude. On the one hand he flaunts ＂the original way＂, ＂orthodox way＂, following the confucian traditional explanation of ＂Bi Xing＂, on the other hand, and he pays attention to its new change and discussion since Wei and Jin Dynasty, the paper puts forward the point of view of ＂Xing is for mood＂ with strong characteristics of the era.