妊娠晚期缺铁性贫血对妊娠结局的影响

Pregnancy Outcome of Iron-deficiency Anemia in Third Trimester

目的:探讨妊娠晚期缺铁性贫血对产妇和新生儿的影响,提出相应预防措施。方法:按照2013年《妇产科学》第8版对妊娠期缺铁性贫血诊断的最新分类,回顾性分析421例妊娠晚期缺铁性贫血患者(其中轻度贫血组368例,重度贫血组53例)和同期入院的正常产妇(对照组500例)。对比分析3组研究对象的产后出血率、剖宫产率、产钳助产率、羊水过少发生率、羊水污染率、胎儿窘迫率、新生儿窒息率、低体质量儿出生率。结果:重度贫血组产后出血率、剖宫产率、羊水污染率、胎儿窘迫率、新生儿窒息发生率,低体质量儿出生率高于轻度贫血组和对照组(均P<0.05)。轻度贫血组羊水污染发生率,胎儿窘迫率,低体质量儿出生率高于对照组(均P<0.05)。3组患者产钳助产率和羊水过少发生率差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:妊娠期缺铁性贫血对产科妊娠结局有不良影响,应加强妊娠期贫血的防治。

Objective：To study the influence on pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia （IDA） and infants,and put forward the corresponding preventive measures. Methods：According to the diagnosis of anemia in the eighth edition of Obstetrics and Gynecology, retrospective analysis of 421 patients with iron deficiency anemia in late pregnancy [368 patients with moderate iron-deficiency anemia （IDA） and 53 patients with severe IDA] and 500 patients without IDA （control group）. Analysis of three groups of rate of postpartum hemorrhage and cesarean section and obstetrical forceps delivery ,incidence of oligohydramnios and amniotic fluid pollution ,rate of fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia , low neonatal birth weight. Results：The rates of postpartum hemorrhage,cesarean section,amniotic fluid pollution,fetal distress,neonatal asphyxia and low neonatal birth weight in severe IDA group are higher than the rates in moderate IDA group and control group （P〈0.05）. The rates of amniotic fluid pollution,fetal distress,neonatal asphyxia and low neonatal birth weight in moderate IDA group are higher than the rates in control group （P〈0.05）. There is no statistically difference in rate of obstetrical forceps delivery and oligohydramnios in three groups （P〉0.05）. Conclusions：Pregnancy with iron deficiency anemia have an adverse effect on maternity pregnancy outcome,we should strengthen the prevention of anemia during pregnancy.