土地利用视角下的句容县城形态——以民国地籍图资料为中心的考察

The Urban Form of Traditional Mid-small Cities——Focus on Cadastral Maps of Jurong County Town in the Republic China

我们对中国传统城市形态特征的印象基本来自于以都城为代表的大城市,而对中小城市的形态特征,则至今印象模糊,原因在于缺乏高精度的资料进行深入的个案研究。1948年句容县完成县城地籍测量,并留下34幅比例尺为1∶500的地籍图,这批大比例尺地图成为研究句容城市形态的宝贵资料,以此个案切入或可揭示传统时期中小城市的若干城市形态特征:城墙以内拥有一定比例的农用地和未利用地;城市内部各功能分区虽有但并不明显,尤其是商业区和居民住宅区,无法截然区分,很难说中国传统经济体制下的中小城市存在一个现代严格意义上的功能分区。

Based on 34 cadastral maps of Jurong county town, which were surveyed in 1948 and the scale is 1：500, this research is about urban form of Jurong county town from the perspective of land use, agricultural land in urban area, functional region of city, and blocks outside the city wall in the traditional period. The answer of these questions can reveal the characteristics of urban form in tradi- tional mid-small cities： the higher proportion of agricultural land inside the city walls; the functional regions within the city was not obvious, especially it is difficult to separate the commercial areas from the residential areas, and so there was not a proper functional region within mid-small cities under the traditional economic system of China.