急性缺氧对家兔肺表面活性物质的影响

EFFECTS OF ACUTE HYPOXIA ON PULMONARY SURFACTANT OF RABBITS

通过对呼吸氮氧混合气模拟缺氧（4800m,3h)的家兔肺表面活性物质变化的研究，我们发现：肺支气管灌洗液中磷脂含量下降59.82%（P<0.05)。肺匀浆中磷脂含量变化，特别是细胞内磷脂呈代偿增加的趋势，稳定性比率随时间的延长而逐渐下降，在15min时，缺氧组与对照组稳定性比率分别为0.88±0.02和0.98±0.01(P<0.05)。缺氧3h，呼吸参数如潮气量，每分钟通气量和食道内压均无显著变化，缺氧组和对照组用以反映P-V关系的A值分别为25.90±3.19和25.16±2.30;B值分别为7.94±1.82和6.56±1.09(P<0.05)。本实验结果说明缺氧（4800m,3h)致肺泡内衬活性物质下降，而在缺氧初期，细胞内磷脂有代偿增加的倾向，这种变化对呼吸功能及肺应变能力无影响。

The surface activity of phospholipids and quantity of it in lung tissue and lung lavage flaid from rabbitts exposed to a simulated altitude of 4 800m(group 1) for 3 hr have been analyzed. Ventilation with nitrogen and oxygen gases mixture containing 10.9% oxygen resulted in a mean decrease of phospholipids of lavage by 59.82% (P<0.05). No significant difference was found between lung tissue of rabbits exposed to hypoxia and the controls (group 2)even though a small increase of cell phspholipids. As a function of time, the bubble stability ratio of both groups, related to surface activity and quantity of pulmonary surfactant, were 0.88±0.02 and 0.98±0.01respectively (P<0.05) at 15 minutes after the starting of photography. The meaurement of respiratory mechanical parameters, A and B, showed no significant variety after 3 hr hypoxia exposure. These changes indicate the decreasing of activity and quantity of pulmonary surfactant after 3 hr exposure to a simulated altitude of 4 800m, hardly have effect on the respiratory function and lung compliance. There is a tendency that the phospholipids in lung cells get increased a little for compensation at the first step of hypoxia.