浙江省食用菌重金属污染的风险评价

Risk assessment of heavy metal pollution inedible fungiin Zhejiang province

采用ICP-MS法和原子荧光法分别测定了浙江省6种常见食用菌中Mn,Cu,As,Pb,Cd,Cr,Ni和Hg等8种重金属元素含量。6种食用菌中各种重金属的平均含量依次为Mn(1.724mg/kg)>Cu(1.434mg/kg)>As(0.116mg/kg)>Pb(0.085mg/kg)>Cd(0.068mg/kg)>Cr(0.018mg/kg)>Ni(0.010mg/kg)>Hg(0.00 4mg/kg)。Mn,As,Pb,Cr,Ni含量符合正态分布,Cu含量符合对数正态分布,Hg,Cd含量符合右侧正态分布。对照国标总体合格率达94.9%,双孢蘑菇中的As合格率仅为79.2%。采用单因子和内梅罗污染指数法进行评价,6种主要食用菌均属于重金属非污染级别,食用菌质量安全水平较高。

Eight heavy metalelements（Cu, Mn, As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni and Hg） from 6 common edible fungi in Zhejiang province were measured by ICP-MS and atomic fluorescence methods. The values of Mn.As.Pb. Cr. Ni were in accord with normal distribution, the Cu content conformed to logarithmic normal distribution, and the data of Hg, Cd fit right-skewed distribution. The average content of heavy metals in 6edible fungi were Mn（1. 724 mg/kg） ,Cu（1. 434 mg/kg） ,As（0. 116 mg/kg） ,Pb（0. 085 rag/ kg） ,Cd（0. 068 mg/kg） ,Cr（0. 018 mg/kg） ,Ni（0. 010 mg/kg） ,Hg（0. 004 mg/kg）respectively. According to the regulated criteria of National Standards of China, the overall pass rate of heavy metals in edible fungi was 94.9%, but the pass rate for As content in agaricus bisporus was only 79.2 %. The six edible fungi in this test belonged to non pollution levels of heavy metals according to single factor and Nemerow Pollution Index methods and had a higher safety quality.