人工膝关节置换术后患者的心理状态与护理研究

Research on the Patients' Mental State and Nursing after Artificial Knee Replacement Surgery

目的:探讨人工膝关节置换术后患者心理特征及心理护理。方法:对人工关节置换术后1周内的患80例者采用症状评定量表(SCL-90)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)进行问卷调查,比较分析,并进行T/P差异性检验。结果:SCL-90各项因子分与全国常模比较,躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、恐惧的因子分与总分显著高于常模,有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄和文化程度患者术后焦虑、抑郁状况的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同性别的患者恐惧和躯体化差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同手术类型的恐惧差异有统计学意义。结论:适时准确地把握心理状态的和科学规范的护理能减轻患者的心理压力,使患者的负性情绪得到有效宣泄和调节,有利于患者术后康复。

Objective:To explore the psychological characteristics and psychological care for patients after artificial knee replacement.Methods:Questionnaires on the Symptom Assessment Scale(SCL-90),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)had been conducted with 80 patients after artificial joint replacement surgery within a week.The results had been analyzed and T/P differences had been tested.Results:Compared with the national norm SCL-90factor scores of somatization,depression,anxiety,fear and total scores were significantly higher than the norm,and there was the statistical significance;the differences in anxiety and depression among postoperative patients of different ages and educational levels had statistical significance(P<0.05);the differences in fear and somatization among patients of different genders were statistically significant(P<0.05);the differences in fear from different types of surgery were statistically significant.Conclusion:Scientific normal nursing and grasping the psychological state of patients can reduce the psychological stress of patients,so that the patient's negative emotions can be effectively vented and regulated,which will help patients back to health after surgery.