贤能政治视野下的“公仆”与“公民”

The “Public Servant” and “Citizen” in the Perspective of Political Meritocracy

无论"尚贤主义"、"治理责任"抑或"政道思维",均致力于从中国传统特别是其中最具影响力的儒家传统出发,破解近代以降政治思维与政治实践中各种版本的西化思潮,凸显中国政治传统的独特性及其现时代意义,足以从不同角度,在不同程度上丰富"中国模式"的相关论说,亦足以为"贤能政治"这一"或许是儒学中研究最少但却最有影响力的政治主张"之研究提供理论背景或补充。对勘贤能政治的内在要求,欲培育当代中国政治贤能,不断提升目前中国各级治国理政人才素质实乃当务之急,其中一大要务是树立"公仆教育首先应是公民教育"的理念。贤能政治的政治理想具有浓郁的本土色彩,但在东西久已会通、世界日趋多元的今天,此理想的实现并不能对包括西方政治理论在内的异域政治文明成果持全然漠视的态度。公仆理应是公民的一部分,理应与公民分享共同的核心价值观;公务员需要培训,更需要作为公民的全程教育;欲涵养"公仆意识",须先涵养"公民意识"。

The ideas of'respecting the meritocracy','governance responsibility',and'political statecraft'all focus on breaking various Westernization trends in political thought and practice since the modern times with the sources of Chinese tradition,especially the most influential one,i.e.the Confucian tradition,and highlighting the uniqueness and contemporary significance of Chinese political tradition,which can sufficiently enrich the discourses of the China Model from different angles and to varying degrees,as well as provide theoretical background and supplement to the studies of'political meritocracy'which'might be the least studied but most influential political statement'.According to the internal requirement of political meritocracy,the quality of talents for managing state affairs at all levels needs to be improved in today's China,with the priority of establishing the idea that'the education of public servants should first be the education of citizens'.The ideal of political meritocracy has a strong local idiosyncrasy,but in this day of globalization and diversification,the achievements of foreign political civilizations,including Western political theories should not be wholly ignored.The public servant should be a citizen as well,and should share the common core values with the citizen;the public servant needs to be trained,and needs to be educated as a citizen for the whole course even more;to cultivate the'sense of public servant',the'citizen consciousness'should be cultivated first.