被遗忘的奠基人:赫佐格的学术贡献及其在传播学史上的“失踪”

The Forgotten Founding Mother:Herzog's Academic Contribution and Disappearance in the History of Communication Studies

本文重读哥伦比亚学派早期成员赫尔塔·赫佐格的广播受众研究,意在指出赫佐格在研究议题、方法和范式等方面对传播学的贡献:从研究议题看,赫佐格首次将中下层家庭妇女及女性叙事类型广播肥皂剧作为研究对象;从研究方法看,赫佐格最先采用并发展了深度访谈、焦点小组访谈等质化研究方法;从研究范式来看,赫佐格的研究不同于在同时期占主导地位的客观经验主义范式,而是属于诠释经验主义范式,并带有社会批判的色彩。而以上特征均与后来的女性主义媒介研究的特征相契合。最后,文章从个人、学术共同体和社会背景三方面探讨了赫佐格在传播学史上近乎"失踪"的原因及相关的知识社会学思考。

This article reviews Herta Herzog＇s works on radio audience, pointing out that Herzog should be regarded as the founding mother of communication studies in the following three aspects： first, Herzog was the first who focused her attention on female audience and soap serials, which widely broadened the research field; second,Herzog developed several qualitative methods, including in-depth interviews and focus group interviews which were different from the popular quantitative method; third, a critical attitude toward the status quo of society emerges from Herzog＇s research. At the end, this article discusses the reason why Herzog nearly disappears in the history of communication studies from the perspective of sociology of knowledge.