报人与政争——张季鸾1913年第一次入狱考

Journalistic Circles and Political Strife Reexamination on the First Imprisonment of the Famous Journalist Chang Chi-luan in 1913

1913年七八月间,二次革命紧张之际,张季鸾在北京被捕,离死神只有一步之遥。这是其长达三十年报人生涯中的第一次入狱。唯有关此事的前因后果,大多语焉不详。细察当时情势,可以发现其中别有经纬。即不止局限于通常所说的创办民立报北京分馆、为宋案仗义执言或披露善后大借款等具体事件。衡诸当时的社会背景和政治情势,他之被捕入狱直接是因戒严令,而根本上则是南北冲突大环境之结果。

Chang Chi-luan,a famous journalist in the later years in modern China,was put into prison by die government of Yuan Shi-kai for the first time in the summer of 1913,when the Second Revolution led by Sun Yat-sun would come into fact on the next morning.Although many people think highly of Chang's this experience of just a step to death,little had been known about the backgrounds of the story.By focusing on certain historical materials,we found there is another story about his imprisonment.The real reason was neither of the following events:the Beijing Agent of Minli Daily,the report about the Assassination of Song Jiao-ren,or the exposure of the Shanhou Loan.Actually,proclamation of martial law was a direct blasting fuse,while the root lied in the conflict between the Revolutionary South and the Conservative North.