对有效改善中年男性人群心肺耐力的运动剂量干预性研究

Effect of Different Dose of Exercise Intervention on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Adult Men

目的：采用定量定强度的运动干预方法，探讨运动量和强度等运动因素对心肺耐力的改善作用，并进一步验证运动干预模式的有效性。方法：以58名40～49岁中年男性为研究对象，随机分为对照组、小量中等强度组、小量大强度组和大量大强度组，小量和大量分别为1200和2000keal／wk;中等强度和大强度分别为40％～55％和65％～80％VO2 max。在12周运动中对运动量和强度进行精确监控，对运动干预前后心肺耐力指标进行测试并作相关比较分析。结果：1）坚持率分别为58．3％、53．3％和54．1％，运动量分别为14km、16km、21km，运动时间分别为149min、134min和183min，干预效果良好；2）3组实验组VO2 max分别增加了1ml／k／min（4％）、4．64ml／kg／min（15．8％）和5．4ml／kg／min（37．6％），与对照组比较，实验组均产生显著性差异（P〈0．05）；大强度组出现非常显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论：采用12周的运动干预模式可以引起心肺耐力水平显著改善，但是运动量对VO2 max水平的改善不明显，强度要比量更有利于VO2 max水平的提高，强度是引起VO2 max提高的主要因素；采用强度在40％VO2 max以上，每周运动量为16km或150min的运动，就足以引起VO2 max水平产生显著性改善，要想获得更多的身体健康效益，可以采用强度为65％～80％VO2 max每周运动量为16～21km或135～180min的运动．

Objective：Through a defined exercise trial is a randomized controlled clinical trial designed to study the effects of exercise training regimens differing in dose （kcal/wk） or intensity （VO2 max）, this study discuss the effect of dose exercise on cardiorespiratory fitness （CRF） and examine the validity of exercise intervention. Methods： A total of 58 sedentary subjects aged 40-49yr were assigned to participate for 12 weeks in a control group or in one of three exercise groups：l） low volume/moderate intensity （LVMI, equivalent of 1 200 kcal/wk at 40%-55% VO2 max,2） low volume/vigorous intensity （LVVI, 1 200 kcal/wk at 65%- 80% VO2 max） and 3） high volume/vigorous intensity （HVVI, 2 000 kcal/wk at 65%- 80% VO2 max）. Subjects who complied with these guidelines served as the basis for the main analysis, CRF were tested before and after 12 weeks training. Results：Rate of adherence of all exercise groups were 58.3 %, 53.3 % and 54.1 % respectively, the effect of intervention was favorable. In contrast, all exercise groups increased VO2max compared to the baseline, VO2 max increased significantly（P〈0.05） in exercise groups, 4%, 15. 8% and 17. 6% respectively. Conclusion： 12 weeks of dose exercise intervention improves cardiorespiratory fitness significantly. It appears that moderate dose of training for 16 km or 150 min of exercise with 40%- 55% VO2 max intensity was sufficient to get health outcomes. However, an exercise prescription that incorporated 135 -180 min or 16- 21 km of exercise with 65% - 80% VO2 max intensity will be better, And it seem that VO2 max was respond to intensity not volume.