中欧环评公众参与机制的比较与立法启示

Legislation Enlightenment by the Comparison of China and EU's Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA)

对国内外环评公众参与机制不断地进行探索与比较,有利于我国环评公众参与机制的完善。中欧环评公众参与机制在法律背景与依据、在"公众"的定义与范围上存在差异,在公众参与环评的范围、内容、阶段以及信息公开方面也有不同。欧盟环评公众参与机制给我国的启示为:我国公众参与机制应遵循国际原则,积极履行国家义务;立法明晰公众环境参与权;完善"公众"主体机制;完善公众参与环评的范围、内容、阶段;加强信息公开与知情权保障;完善公众参与环评专项立法。

The importance of the public participation in environmental impact assessment makes it necessary to study and compare the systems in and outside China so as to make it perfect.There are differences between China and EU in legal background and basis,in the definition and scope of'the public'.There are also differences between China and EU in scope,content,stage,access to information of public participation in EIA.The public participation in EIA of EU brings us enlightenment.China should comply with the international principles,fulfill national obligations actively,make public environmental participation right clear by legislation,improve'the public'subject mechanism,perfect the scope,content,stage of public participation in EIA,enlarge access to information,safeguard the right,improve special EIA legislation.