民国学者视野中的美国汉学研究

An Analysis of the American Sinology Research in the Scope of the Historians of the Republic of China

在民国学者看来,美国汉学显然无法同法德日等国的汉学相提并论,但美国汉学界稍有影响的汉学新著出版后,即有民国学者撰著书评进行引介和评述。考察这些书评,不难发现在民国学者看来,美国汉学存在诸如研究者的中文修养薄弱、解释和译注史料时常存误解误译、材料搜集和材料审别难以博雅以及观点或结论常如隔雾看花,难求其情真理得等局限。美国汉学固然存在不少缺陷,但在民国学者看来仍有可取之处,如公开合作之精神、新颖之视角和方法、重视组织结构与系统性、冷僻领域和材料之注意等。面对海外汉学著述,民国学者坚持一种批判研究的态度,在充分注意其局限之同时,尽可能挖掘有助于中国学术之可取处。民国学者对待美国汉学的这种批判研究的态度及其所撰书评,对当下中国学界而言不能不说是一剂清醒剂。

In the eyes of scholars of the Republic of China,the achievements of American Sinology were not comparable with sinology of France and Japan.However,after some academic Sinology books were published in America,scholars of the Republic of China translated and wrote book reviews on them. From these book reviews,it is not difficult to find limitations of American Sinology,such as poor Chinese level,misinterpretation and misunderstanding in annotation of historical data,could not cherish the intel-ligence and aesthetics of the historical materials,blurred conclusions,etc.Despite these defects,there were merits in the eyes of scholars of the Republic of China,such as the spirit of open cooperation,new perspectives and methods,organizational structure and system,pay attention to obscure fields.Scholars of the Republic of China always kept an attitude of critical studies towards these overseas Sinology,fully exploring the merits while noting the limitations.The critical attitude of scholars of the Republic of China is very suggestive for the present Chinese academic circle.