从敦煌文献论灵验故事在唱导活动中的运用

Application of the Efficacious Stories in Buddhist Preaching Activities Based on Dunhuang Documents

灵验故事的记述是宗教的弘传文学,既是宗教的见证,也是宗教的宣传。汉魏六朝以来,道教流行,佛教传入中土,各类灵验事迹广为流传。此外,传统儒家忠孝感通的灵验故事,也每每见于各类史籍、载录。这些灵验故事在各种宣唱教化活动中作为宣教的重要材料被广为运用。本文以敦煌文献为核心,分别就灵应故事传播的途径、手段及其在佛教唱导活动、道教讲经及儒家宣讲等方面,论证灵验故事在高僧、道士、儒生宣唱教化,开导信众时运用之实况。

The efficacious stories serve as a literature for religious transmission, which not only bear witness to religion, but also promote religion. Since the Han-Wei and the Six Dynasties, the popularity of Taoism and the transmission of Buddhism into the Central Plains led to the wide dissemination of various efficacious stories. In addition, stories about the filial piety of traditional Confucianism had been recorded in various historical records. These stories were widely circulated and then were extensively used in Buddhist lectures and sermons as important materials. Focusing on Dunhuang documents, this paper discusses how these efficacious stories were spread and how they were used by Buddhist masters, Taoist priests and Confucian scholars in lectures and sermons to their followers.