基于对外汉语教学的汉语动补式合成词分析

An Analysis of the Verb-Complement Compounds from the Perspective of Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language

动补式合成词在汉语中是非常特殊的一类词语,在对外汉语教学中也是难点所在。对外汉语词汇教学需要依照汉语词汇大纲的要求,教师有必要对动补式合成词在汉语词汇大纲中的分布情况和汉语学习者在学习动补式合成词时的难点问题进行分析,并以此为依据制定切实可行的教学策略。研究发现四种动补式合成词在汉语词汇大纲中的分布情况有所差别,各个级别的汉语学习者在不同阶段也存在不同的难点问题,形成了不同教学阶段的重点,教师可以将各种有效的教学对策结合使用,以引导汉语学习者正确习得动补式合成词的意义和用法。

The verb-complement compound, a very special kind of words in Chinese, is one of the difficulties in teaching Chinese vocabulary to Foreigners. Teaching Chinese words to Foreigners needs to follow the requirements of Syllabus of Chinese Words, so teachers need to analyze the verb-complement compound＇s distribution in Syllabus of Chinese Words and Chinese learners＇ difficulties, and adopt practical teaching strategies accordingly. The study shows that the four kinds of verb-complement compounds have different distributions in Syllabus of Chinese Words, and different levels of Chinese learners have different difficulties in different learning stages. These form the different focuses in different learning stages for foreigners learning Chinese. Teachers can use various effective teaching strategies to lead the learners to correctly study the meanings and usage of verb-complement compound.