国际体系文化背景下韩国国家身份的转换

International Systematic Cultures and Transformation of Korea's National Identity

从建构主义视角来看,国家身份是一个国家相对于国际社会的角色,它存在于国际关系之中,主要是由外在结构(国际体系文化)建构而成。国际体系文化的变革往往会导致一个国家对于自我身份的再认知。冷战时期美苏主导的冷战体系文化背景下,韩国成为依附美国强权的缓冲国。冷战结束后,美苏主导的两极体制随着苏联的解体而消失,东北亚国际体系文化处于转型中。在这种背景下,韩国的国家身份开始由东北亚缓冲国向东北亚平衡者(均衡者)身份转换。随着韩国国家身份的转换,其外交政策也随之发生变化。

National identity means a country＇s role in international community in the perspective of Constructivism, and it is subject to the external structure （the international systematic cultures）. Changes of international systematic cultures often lead to a country＇s re-cognition in its identity. Korea was dependent and had been a cushioning country for the U. S during the Cold War. However, the disintegration of the Soviet Union marks the end of Cold War and the disappearance of two-polar system. The transformation of systematic cultures in Northeast Asia also makes Korea play a major balancing role instead of a cushioning part nowadays. Korea＇s foreign policies have changed with the transformation of its national idnetity.